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Esquemas con ombitasvir, paritaprevir y ritonavir en pacientes con hepatitis C / Ombitasvir, Paritaprevir and Ritonavir Regimens in Hepatitis C Patients
Buenos Aires; IECS; sept. 2015.
Non-conventional in Spanish | BRISA/RedTESA | ID: biblio-986375
Responsible library: BR1.1
RESUMEN

INTRODUCCIÓN:

La infección crónica por el virus de la hepatitis C (VHC) es una de las principales causas de cirrosis y carcinoma hepatocelular. El VHC es un virus ARN que posee seis genotipos (1 a 6) siendo el genotipo 1 el más frecuente en Argentina. El objetivo principal de la terapia es curar la infección, lo cual se denomina respuesta virológica sostenida (RVS) y se refleja a través de la medición indetectable de ARN del VHC en sangre después de finalizada la terapia. El tratamiento con interferón pegilado asociado a ribavirina (RBV) fue durante muchos años el principal esquema de tratamiento. Actualmente aparecieron nuevos esquemas más eficaces y seguros e inclusive capaces de ser administrados en sujetos con cirrosis descompensada como sofosbuvir+simeprevir, sofosbuvir+ledipasvir, sofosbuvir+daclatasvir, daclatasvir+asunaprevir, ombitasvir, paritaprevir y ritonavir (OPR)+dasabuvir (DSV) entre otros. Se postula el uso de esquemas con OPR para el tratamiento de la hepatitis C crónica debido a que se podrían obtener mayores tasas de RVS, con menos efectos adversos y menor duración de tratamiento. TECNOLOGÍA Ombistavir y Paritaprevir son inhibidores de la proteasa NS3/4a y NS5A del VHC que se administran combinados a un inhibidor del metabolismo de paritaprevir (ritonavir) en un comprimido. Usualmente se combina este esquema con DSV que es un inhibidor de la protesasa NS5B del VHC.

OBJETIVO:

Evaluar la evidencia disponible acerca de la eficacia, seguridad y aspectos relacionados a las políticas de cobertura del uso de esquemas con ombistavir, paritaprevir y ritonavir en pacientes con hepatitis C.

MÉTODOS:

Se realizó una búsqueda en las principales bases de datos bibliográficas (incluyendo Medline, Cochrane y CRD), en buscadores genéricos de Internet, agencias de evaluación de tecnologías sanitarias y financiadores de salud. Se priorizó la inclusión de revisiones sistemáticas (RS), ensayos clínicos controlados aleatorizados (ECAs), evaluaciones de tecnologías sanitarias (ETS) y económicas, guías de práctica clínica (GPC) y políticas de cobertura (PC) de otros sistemas de salud cuando estaban disponibles.

RESULTADOS:

Para pacientes no cirróticos sin tratamiento previo se seleccionaron cinco ECAs y con tratamiento previo tres ECAs; para pacientes cirróticos sin tratamiento previo se inluyó un ECA y con tratamiento previo otro ECA. Además se identificaron cinco GPC, tres ETS y cinco PC.

CONCLUSIONES:

La evidencia es abundante y de buena calidad. Los esquemas con ombitasvir, paritaprevir y ritonavir con o sin dasabuvir han demostrado lograr altas tasas de respuesta viral sostenida en diferentes grupos de pacientes, incluyendo pacientes cirróticos, con genotipos de VHC 1 y 4, comparables con la eficacia observada para otros esquemas con nuevas drogas. Aunque se encuentra contemplado por distintas guías de práctica clínica y evaluaciones de tecnologías sanitarias identificadas, su alto costo podría limitar la disponibilidad del tratamiento.
ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION:

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is one of the main causes of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV is an RNA virus with six genotypes (1 to 6); genotype 1 being the most frequent in Argentina. The main objective of this therapy is to cure infection, which is called sustained virologic response (SVR) and it is reflected by measuring undetectable HCV RNA in blood once therapy is finished. Treatment with pegylated interferon combined with ribavirin (RBV) has been the main management scheme for many years. New, more efficacious and safer regimens such as sofosbuvir+simeprevir, sofosbuvir+ledipasvir, sofosbuvir+daclatasvir, daclatasvir+asunaprevir, ombitasvir, paritaprevir and ritonavir (OPR)+dasabuvir (DSV) among others have currently appeared; they can be administered even to subjects with decompensated cirrhosis. OPR regimens have been proposed for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C because better SVR rates could be obtained, with less adverse effect and shorter treatment duration. TECHNOLOGY Ombistavir and Paritaprevir are HCV NS3/4a and NS5A protease inhibitors, administered in combination with a paritaprevir metabolism inhibitor (ritonavir) in a single tablet. In general, this regimen is combined with DSV, which is a HCV NS5B protease inhibitor.

PURPOSE:

To assess the available evidence on the efficacy, safety and coverage policy related aspect on the use of ombistavir, paritaprevir and ritonaviren regimens for the management of patients with hepatitis C.

METHODS:

A bibliographic search was carried out on the main databases (such as MEDLINE, Cochrane and CRD), in general Internet engines, in health technology assessment agencies and health sponsors. Priority was given to the inclusion of systematic reviews (SRs); controlled, randomized clinical trials (RCTs); health technology assessment (HTA) documents and economic evaluations; clinical practice guidelines (GCPs) and coverage policies (CPs) of other health systems, when available.

RESULTS:

For non-cirrhotic treatment-naive patients, five RCTs were selected and for those with prior treatment, three RCTs; for cirrhotic treatment-naive patients one RCT was included and for those with prior treatment another RCT was included. Furthermore, five CPGs, three HTA documents and five CPs were selected.

CONCLUSIONS:

There is abundant and good quality evidence. Ombitasvir, paritaprevir and ritonavir regimens with or without dasabuvir have proved to achieve high sustained virologic response rates in the different patient groups, including cirrhotic patients with genotype 1 and 4 HCV, comparable with the efficacy observed with other regimens with new drugs. Although they are no considered in the different Clinical Practice Guidelines and Health Technology Assessment documents identified, their high cost could limit treatment availability.
Subject(s)
Full text: Available Collection: Tematic databases Health context: SDG3 - Health and Well-Being Health subject: Target 3.3: End transmission of communicable diseases Database: BRISA/RedTESA Main topic: Protease Inhibitors / Hepatitis C / Ritonavir Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Evaluation study / Practice guideline / Health technology assessment Demographic groups: Humans Language: Spanish Year: 2015 Document type: Non-conventional

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Full text: Available Collection: Tematic databases Health context: SDG3 - Health and Well-Being Health subject: Target 3.3: End transmission of communicable diseases Database: BRISA/RedTESA Main topic: Protease Inhibitors / Hepatitis C / Ritonavir Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Evaluation study / Practice guideline / Health technology assessment Demographic groups: Humans Language: Spanish Year: 2015 Document type: Non-conventional