The primary audience for this guideline is national HIV programme managers, people living with HIV, health-care providers and policy-makers in low- and middle-income countries. This guideline update will be a useful resource for clinicians and should help to shape the priorities of policy-makers in development agencies, international organizations, nongovernmental organizations and other implementing partners. This guideline will also be of value to people living with HIV, communities and civil society organizations to ensure they are informed of the updated guidance and to help suport their implementation activities in-country.