Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is a premalignant lesion that may exist at any one of three stages: CIN1, CIN2, or CIN3. If left untreated, CIN2 or CIN3 (collectively referred to as CIN2+) can progress to cervical cancer. Instead of screening and diagnosis by the standard sequence of cytology, c...

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In 2008, cervical cancer was responsible for 275 000 deaths, of which about 88% occurred in low- and middle-income countries. Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer in women worldwide and the most common cancer in many low- and middle-income countries. Because it has a typically slow progression...

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