Inflammatory joint diseases are a group of diseases characterized by autoimmune inflammation in the joints and sometimes in other tissues and organs. The most common inflammatory joint diseases are rheumatoid arthritis (RA), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA). Spondyloarthritis is a group of inflammatory diseases that includes ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), reactive arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease-related arthritis. Diseases of this group are characterized by peripheral arthritis and/or sacroiliitis with or without spondylitis. The most common inflammatory joint disease in Estonia is RA, which typically manifests as symmetrical polyarthritis. The prevalence of RA in Estonia is 0.46% (1). People between the ages of 55 and 74 get sick the most, women up to three times more often than men (2). JIA is an inflammatory joint disease that begins in childhood. JIA usually progresses as oligoarthritis, somewhat less often as mono- or polyarthritis. According to the data of the survey of first cases of JIA in Estonia in 1998–2000, the first incidence was 21.7 cases per 100,000 children aged 0–15 years (3). The disease most often occurs in early childhood or adolescence. Of the spondyloarthritis, PsA, reactive arthritis, and arthritis related to inflammatory bowel disease are the most common types of peripheral arthritis. AS typically involves the sacroiliac joints and spine, sometimes peripheral joints. Spondyloarthritis usually manifests as oligoarthritis, while PsA can often present as polyarthritis and can initially be difficult to distinguish from RA. All of the aforementioned inflammatory joint diseases are characterized by the fact that joint inflammation can lead to joint damage and, as a result, joint dysfunction and a decrease in the quality of life of those affected. The pain associated with joint inflammation and the established joint deformations significantly reduce the working capacity of those affected, making them more and more dependent on outside help and the social system as the disease progresses. However, the prognosis of the disease has improved significantly over the past decades due to earlier diagnosis, new drugs and the understanding that early intensive treatment significantly improves the prognosis. With timely treatment, the patient continues his normal life and maintains the ability to work and self-sufficiency for many years. In Estonia, the primary diagnosis and treatment monitoring of inflammatory joint diseases in primary care is sometimes different, and the movement of the patient between representatives of different specialties is not always optimal. The purpose of this guide is to standardize the knowledge of healthcare workers about the diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory joint diseases in order to promote faster recognition of the disease. It is also hoped that this guide will improve the cooperation between family doctors and other specialties in the treatment of patients with inflammatory joint diseases and in keeping the chronic disease under control.